What type of testing confirms that the system meets user and stakeholder expectations after maintenance activities?

The correct answer is acceptance testing. This type of testing is performed to ensure that a system functions according to the requirements and meets the needs of both users and stakeholders after maintenance activities have been conducted. Acceptance testing is usually the final phase of the testing process before a system goes live or new features are implemented. It focuses on validating the end-to-end business flow and verifies that the system delivers the agreed-upon functionalities and performance levels.

User and stakeholder expectations often include usability, compliance with specifications, and overall satisfaction with the system's behavior after updates or maintenance. Acceptance testing typically involves actual users who interact with the system in a real-world setting to confirm their requirements have been met.

In contrast, unit testing checks individual components for correctness, integration testing evaluates the interaction between integrated components, and performance testing assesses system responsiveness and stability under load. None of these directly focus on confirming that the entire system meets user and stakeholder expectations in the way that acceptance testing does.